CLINICAL EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ERGOFERON IN THE TREATMENT OF CROUP IN CHILDREN

Abstract

The article presents up-to-date information on the clinical picture, diagnosis and treatment of croup in children. Croup (from the Scottish «croup» – croak) is a term used to refer to inflammation of the larynx of various etiologies with various morphological changes, which are accompanied by difficulty breathing due to laryngeal stenosis [1, 2]. Clinically, the symptom complex of croup is characterized by a triad of signs - a hoarse voice, barking cough and stridor [3, 4]. Stridor is a rough sound during inhalation caused by an obstacle to the passage of air in the oropharynx, subclavian space or in the trachea [5-9]. Viral croup is the main cause of upper respiratory tract obstruction in early childhood [10-14]. The average incidence is 3%, with 9% of children in need of intensive care. Of the annually recorded number of acute respiratory diseases in children, acute stenosing laryngotracheitis occurs in 7.5–8.0% of cases [15-18]. The most common cause of croup in children is the parainfluenza virus (75%), more often 2-3 types. Less often, the etiological factors of croup are influenza viruses, adenoviruses, respiratory syncytial virus, enteroviruses, metapneumovirus, coronavirus, herpesviruses, including Varicella-Zoster virus, rhinoviruses, measles and mumps viruses [19-22]. The predisposing factors for the development of croup are the anatomical and physiological features of the child's larynx [23-24]. Laryngeal obstruction in viral croup is caused by three components: swelling of the subclavian space; reflex spasm of the smooth muscles of the larynx; obstruction of the respiratory tract with viscous mucus, and with bacterial superinfection also with crusts and films [25].